Image Analysis Activities

Here is a list of the function of Z-IMAGE

1. Mathematical and logical operations

+ - * / ^ max min >
>= < <= !="&&" || !
binary grey char int double abs exp log
log10 sqrt sin cos tan asin acos atan
atan2 sinh cosh tanh

2. File input and output

file:- Read Image in Z Format
files:- Read Images in Z format
read2byte:- Read Image from File in Two-Byte Signed Integer Format
readbyte:- Read Image from File in Byte Format
readcmap:- Read a Colour Map into a Z Variable
readeuro:- Read Image from File in Euro Format
readgif:- Read Image from File in GIF Format
readhex:- Read Image from File in Hex Format
readics:- Read Image from File in ICS Format
readpbm:- Read Image from File in PBM Format
readpgm:- Read Image from File in PGM Format
readrast:- Read Image from File in Sun Raster Format
readrgb:- Read Image from File in RGB Format
readtiff:- Read Image from File in TIFF Format
readvisi:- Read Image from File in VISILOG Format
swapbytes:- Swap Bytes Between DEC and SUN Formats
write2byte:- Write Image to File in 2-Byte Format
write4byte:- Write Image to File in 4-Byte Integer Format
writebyte:- Write Image to File in Byte Format
writeeuro:- Write Image to File in Euro Format
writehex:- Write Image to File in Hex Format
writeics:- Write Image to File in ICS Format
writeimg:- Write Image to File in IMG Format
writepbm:- Write Image to File in PBM Format
writepgm:- Write Image to File in PGM Format
writerast:- Write Image to File in Sun Raster Format
writergb:- Write Image to File in RGB Format
writetiff:- Write Image to File in TIFF Format
writevisi:- Write Image to File in VISILOG Format

3. Image and graphics display

header:- Display File Header Information
laser:- Print Image to Laser Printer
prodraw:- Parallel Projective Drawing
puttext:- Add Text to an Image
show:- Print Pixel Values
x11:- Display Image in X-Window
xplot:- Plot Graph under X-Window
xv:- Display an Image in X-Windows using xv

4. Image construction and manipulation

block:- Calculate Block Statistics
border:- Add Border
gaussrf:- Generate Stationary Gaussian Random Fields
join:- Construct Multi-Component Images
mirror:- Reflect an Image
patch:- Replace a Rectangular Sub-Area
project:- Project an Image onto a Line
random:- Generate Random Noise
rep:- Replicate Pixels in an Image
resize:- Resize an Image
rotate:- Rotate an Image
row:- Construct a Row Image
sample:- Sample an Image
seq:- Construct Image Consisting of a Sequence of Numbers
shift:- Shift Coordinate System of an Image
split:- Split a Single Component from a Multicomponent Image
subset:- Extract Rectangular Sub-Area
testpat:- Generate Test Patterns
transect:- Generate Linear Transect
transpose:- Transpose an Image
weld:- Abut Images

5. Geometric object construction and drawing

box:- Draw Filled in Boxes Within an Image
ellipse:- Draw Filled Ellipses Within an Image
hull:- Construct the Convex Hulls of Multiple Objects
line:- Draw Lines Within an Image
points:- Create Image of Points and Lines From a File
polygon:- Create Polygons from x11 Output
rectangle:- Draw Outline of a Rectangle on an Image
spline:- Smooth Contour Points on an Image

6. Univariate statistical functions

colmax:- Compute the Column Maxima
colmin:- Compute the Column Minima
colmom:- Compute Column Moments
cumulate:- Compute Cumulative Sums
histogram:- Calculate Histogram
mean:- Compute Pixel Mean of an Image
moments:- Compute the 1st to nth Order Moments
range:- Compute the Pixel Value Range

7. Colour and multivariate functions

bivclass:- Perform a Bivariate Classification
bivhist:- Calculate the Bivariate Histogram
compress:- 24-bit Colour Compression
cov:- Calculate the Covariance Matrix
crosscov:- Calculate the Cross-Covariance Matrix of Two Images
HLS:- Colour Co-ordinate Change
ICM:- Iterated Conditional Modes Segmentation
lsfit:- Least-Squares Fitting
meancovreg:- Calculate Region Means and Covariances
MLC:- Maximum Likelihood Classification
mnf:- Minimum Noise Fraction Transform
multigradf:- Multidimensional Scalar Gradient
pc:- Principal Components Transform
RGB:- Colour Co-ordinate Change

8. Neighbourhood filters

asmooth:- Adaptive Image Smoothing
autosmooth:- Automatic Smoothing
backest:- Perform Adaptive Background Illumination Correction
binsmoothf:- Binomial Kernel Smoothing
cannyf:- Perform Canny Edge Detection
DOGf:- Difference of Gaussians
gradf:- Gradient Filter
kirschf:- Kirsch Gradient Filter
lap4:- Laplacian on a 4-Neighbourhood
lap8:- Laplacian on a 8-Neighbourhood
lapf:- Laplacian Filter
lawsf:- Laws Texture Energies
linfil:- Convolve Two Images
LOGf:- Laplacian of Gaussians
maxf:- Maximum Filter
meanf:- Mean Filter
medf:- Median Filter
minf:- Minimum Filter
multigradf:- Multidimensional Scalar Gradient
multimed:- Multi-component Median Filter
quadf:- Quadratic Filter
rangef:- Local Range Filter
sharpenf:- Local Contrast Enhancement
sobelf:- 3X3 Sobel Filter
sobelnf:- nXn Sobel Filter
srank:- Separable Rank Filter: Rank of Ranks
varf:- Variance Filter

9. Transforms

equalize:- Perform Histogram Equalization
fft:- Calculate the 2-D Fast Fourier Transform
fitchar:- Fit Pixel Range into a CHAR
fitgrey:- Fit Pixel Range into a GREY
houghcirc:- Hough Transform for Circles
houghline:- Hough Transform for Lines
lintran:- Multiple Linear Transformations of a Multi-Component Image
pol2rec:- Polar to Rectangular Conversion
rec2pol:- Rectangular To Polar Conversion
stretch:- Stretch Pixel Range into a CHAR
transform:- Pixelwise Table Look Up

10. Thresholding functions

adapthresh:- Adaptive Threshold Using Edge Strength
autothresh:- Automatic Thresholding
lump:- Multi-Level Thresholding
multithresh:- Automatic Multi-Level Thresholding
quickthresh:- Quick Threshold Using Edge Strength
threshobs:- Threshold Object Data

11. Binary morphological operations

asf:- Alternating Sequential Filter
backbone:- Longest Paths in Multiple Skeletons
closebat:- Closing By Attribute
closebin:- Closing by Intersection
debarb:- Remove Barbs from Skeleton
distrans:- Calculate the Distance Transform
edistrans:- Elliptical Distance Transform
eudist:- Euclidean Distance Transform
fclose:- Closing with a Flat Structuring Element
fdilate:- Dilation with a Flat Structuring Element
ferode:- Erosion with a Flat Structuring Element
fill:- Fill Holes
fopen:- Opening with a Flat Structuring Element
fuseobs:- Fuse Objects Together
geodist:- Geodesic Distance Transform
homotop:- Complete Homotopic Thinning
iz:- Euclidean Influence Zones
lcomplete:- Lower Complete Function Filter
openbat:- Opening By Attribute
openbun:- Opening by Union
propagate:- Longest Geodesic Path Value Within a Set
prune:- Prune End Points From a Binary Image
rdistrans:- Floating Point Distance Transform
recons:- Morphological Reconstruction
sizetrans:- Perform a Sizing Transform
skeleton:- Compute Homotopic Skeleton
skelpts:- Obtain Either End or Branch Points in a Skeleton
ucomplete:- Upper Complete Function Filter
watershed:- Binary Watershed Segmentation

12. Greyscale morphological operations

asf:- Alternating Sequential Filter
closebat:- Closing By Attribute
closebin:- Closing by Intersection
crack:- Calculate Shortest Path Across Image
dynamic:- Dynamic of the Minima of an Image
fclose:- Closing with a Flat Structuring Element
fdilate:- Dilation with a Flat Structuring Element
ferode:- Erosion with a Flat Structuring Element
fopen:- Opening with a Flat Structuring Element
fracture:- Optimal Path Extraction
grow:- Proportionate SKIZ
gwatershed:- Grey-Scale Watershed Segmentation
lcomplete:- Lower Complete Function Filter
makelist:- Convert an Image to List Format
mat:- Medial Axis Transform
mrdil:- Morphological Reconstruction by Dilation
mrdist:- Reconstruction via Distance Transform
mrero:- Morphological Reconstruction by Erosion
openbat:- Opening By Attribute
openbun:- Opening by Union
regmax:- Finds Regional Maxima or Minima
srgrow:- Seeded Region Growing
srsplit:- Seeded Region Splitting
ucomplete:- Upper Complete Function Filter
vclose:- Closing with a Volumetric Structuring Element
vdilate:- Dilation with a Volumetric Structuring Element
verode:- Erosion with a Volumetric Structuring Element
vopen:- Opening with a Volumetric Structuring Element

13. Connected component operations

blob:- Label Connected Components
boundary:- Add or Remove Boundaries Between Regions
fuseobs:- Fuse Objects Together
histobs:- Histogram Object Data
label:- Label Objects in a Binary Image
sortobs:- Sort Object Data
threshobs:- Threshold Object Data
unwrap:- Unwrap Object Boundaries

14. Graph functions

delaunay:- Construct a Delaunay Graph
grdraw:- Draw a Graph
grhist:- Histogram Attributes of a Graph
grmaths:- Perform Mathematics on a Graph
grnop:- Perform Neighbourhood Operations on Graphs
grshow:- Show Information in a Graph
grsub:- Construct a Sub-Graph of a Graph
merge:- Merge Regions in a Tesselated Image
relabel:- Relabel a Labelled Image
voronoi:- Make a Tesselated Image

15. Miscellaneous operations

convsqr:- Converging Squares Algorithm
dim:- Get Image Dimensions
shade:- Add Shade to an Image
shadow:- Add Shadow to an Image

16. Adding new functions

attach:- Attach a New Command to Z
nmake:- Generate a Neighbourhood Function

17. System functions

!:- Execute Unix Command
beep:- Ring the Bell
debug:- Turn Debug On or Off
delete:- Delete Variables
echo:- Print Lines to Terminal
exit, quit, stop:- Exit Z
from:- Read Commands from Script File
help:- List All Available Functions
list:- List Known Variables and Functions
news:- Print News
prompt:- Prompt User for a Carriage Return